Certified Dietary Manager (CDM) Practice Exam

What is the impact of excessive sodium on health?

1. It can enhance taste

2. It can lead to high blood pressure and increased risk of cardiovascular disease

3. It has no significant health effects

4. It is essential for hydration

The correct answer is: It can lead to high blood pressure and increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Excessive sodium intake is linked to several negative health outcomes, particularly its role in contributing to high blood pressure, also known as hypertension. When the body takes in too much sodium, it can cause the body to retain water in order to maintain a proper balance of electrolytes. This increased fluid retention leads to elevated blood volume, which in turn raises blood pressure. High blood pressure is a crucial health concern because it significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack and stroke. Over time, hypertension can damage blood vessels and organs, making it one of the leading causes of serious health issues. Therefore, the understanding of the connection between excessive sodium and these health risks is essential for dietary management and promoting overall health. While sodium may enhance the flavor of food, its adverse effects on health far outweigh any benefits it might provide in terms of taste. Additionally, sodium is indeed necessary for hydration and vital body functions, but only in appropriate amounts. Consuming it in excess poses serious health risks, making it important for dietary managers to advocate for sodium intake within recommended guidelines.